Epigenetic treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders: autism and schizophrenia
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Date
2016-03-01
Authors
Moos, Walter H.
Maneta, Eleni
Pinkert, Carl A.
Irwin, Michael H.
Hoffman, Michelle E.
Faller, Douglas V.
Steliou, Kosta
Version
Accepted manuscript
Embargo Date
Indefinite
OA Version
Citation
Walter H Moos, Eleni Maneta, Carl A Pinkert, Michael H Irwin, Michelle E Hoffman, Douglas V Faller, Kosta Steliou. 2016. "Epigenetic treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders: autism and schizophrenia." Drug Development Research Volume 77, Issue 2, pp. 53 - 72. https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21295
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are a heterogeneous group of conditions that often share underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and biological pathways implicated in their pathogenesis, progression, and treatment. To date, these disorders have proven notoriously resistant to molecular-targeted therapies, and clinical options are relegated to interventional types, which do not address the core symptoms of the disease. In this review, we discuss emerging epigenetic-driven approaches using novel acylcarnitine esters (carnitinoids) that act on master regulators of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes and mitophagic pathways. These carnitinoids are actively transported, mitochondria-localizing, biomimetic coenzyme A surrogates of short-chain fatty acids, which inhibit histone deacetylase and may reinvigorate synaptic plasticity and protect against neuronal damage. We outline these neuroprotective effects in the context of treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.
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