Stephen, Emily P.Hotan, Gladia C.Pierce, Eric T.Harrell, P. GraceWalsh, John L.Brown, Emery N.Purdon, Patrick L.2023-05-022023-05-022020-08-13E.P. Stephen, G.C. Hotan, E.T. Pierce, P.G. Harrell, J.L. Walsh, E.N. Brown, P.L. Purdon. 2020. "Broadband slow-wave modulation in posterior and anterior cortex tracks distinct states of propofol-induced unconsciousness." Scientific Reports, Volume 10, Issue 1, pp.13701-. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68756-y2045-2322https://hdl.handle.net/2144/46141A controversy has developed in recent years over the roles of frontal and posterior cortices in mediating consciousness and unconsciousness. Disruption of posterior cortex during sleep appears to suppress the contents of dreaming, yet activation of frontal cortex appears necessary for perception and can reverse unconsciousness under anesthesia. We used anesthesia to study how regional cortical disruption, mediated by slow wave modulation of broadband activity, changes during unconsciousness in humans. We found that broadband slow-wave modulation enveloped posterior cortex when subjects initially became unconscious, but later encompassed both frontal and posterior cortex when subjects were more deeply anesthetized and likely unarousable. Our results suggest that unconsciousness under anesthesia comprises several distinct shifts in brain state that disrupt the contents of consciousness distinct from arousal and awareness of those contents.p. 13701Electronicen© The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/AdultAnesthetics, intravenousBrainConsciousnessElectroencephalographyHumansPropofolUnconsciousnessYoung adultArticle2023-02-0310.1038/s41598-020-68756-y0000-0003-1978-9622 (Stephen, Emily P)756884